Sunday, September 25, 2016

Indian Classical Music

http://epaper.navhindtimes.in/NewsDetail.aspx?storyid=12515&date=2016-09-25&pageid=1

                                                           Alaaps, Raagas & Riyaaz
AR Rahman’s concert at UN General Assembly in New York on 15th August marked the centenary celebration of the great Carnatic singer MS Subbulakshmi.  It took place 50 years after the latter performed there in 1966, on invitation by the then Secretary General U Thant. Why do certain Indian musicians become legends? What magical sounds do they render to have a diehard following over continents, irrespective of language and nationalities?  Welcome to the fascinating world of ‘alaaps, raagas and riyaaz’!

‘Kausalya Supraja Rama’ is the first rendition of the day at sunrise in every south Indian home. They would affirm that this classical enunciation of the mantra by MS evokes celestial vibrations in the environment and connects a devotee to the divine. It’s a demonstration of a simple raga in a voice of perfect pitch and that's why “Venkateshwara Suprabatham" album still peaks in the market. MS demonstrates the bhakti rasa here.

The rasa is derived from ragas made up of notes and srutis.  Swara or note (Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni) is not just a particular musical frequency that can be found by hitting the right key but in the case of a great musician, it is an utterance that comes from deep within the soul. The singer may have the perfect pitch and yet not get to the next level. Iconic singers indulge in a seductive foreplay and approach the swara tenderly and lovingly and arrive at it from below or above, caressing that hidden half note that hovers next to it, and this is what makes their notes really shine forth.

People throng to hear a great musician sing or play an instrument. For the adroit performer, ragas are not abstract aesthetic constructs made up of notes, but are connected to emotions, events and even seasons. With ragas, the musician paints a beautiful sound-painting resulting in an emotional reaction. Ragas, played to perfection with alankars and taans (embellishments), can create rasa of love, bhakti, playfulness and also thunder, lightning and hailstorms. Crescendos of such colour and emotion are the result of years of meditation on musical notes - and on life itself.

If the celebrity musician is in the right mode, they unfold and lay out the raga in the ‘alaap’. The languorous lovemaking continues in the ‘jor’, awakening each note to the seductive drone of a tanpura. Progressing gradually, the ardour increases and the percussion joins in to imbue the music with a vigour, keeping pace with the rising tempo of emotional fervor. The crescendo arrives with the ‘jala’ - the pitch of union and fulfillment personified by unending reverberations of exhilaration.
Namita Devidayal, in her book “The Music Room”, writes, “Merely mastering the notes is not enough. You have to reflect on the human condition, on life itself. Every time a musician sings a raga, it unfolds and expands, revealing new insights and pathways. That is why they say that a musician really becomes a musician at the end of his life. When a veteran musician uses notes to tell a greater story, he attains celestial heights and his art then breaks free from material grounding. The note ma in Raga Yaman lies in the uppermost sruti, the one closet to pa. It is only when you start hitting the precise sruti of the raga that the raga will open up to you and say “Aah! Now you may enter me ….”
Riyaaz is a musician’s hours of sadhana stretched endlessly. 

 Lost in sounds of cascading music, trying to achieve the perfect note, they lose all sense of time.  Devidayal writes, “One evening a man on his way to an all-night theatre, passed the maestro’s house after dinner and heard him practicing a particularly complicated taan- a piece that shot up, did a number of stunning trapeze swings and twirled its way down a spiral, all in one breath. He did it over and over, but one note kept slipping. The man listened for a while and then went his way. It was close to four in the morning when the man intoxicated with sleeplessness, returned back. When he passed by the great singer’s window, he heard him practicing the same taan.  It was now perfect.”

Bombay Jayasri, carnatic musician from South, is famous for her soothing and sober style of rendering. Voice culture and breath control are techniques that singers master very early in their vocation, and keep stretching it more and more over time.   Kesarbai Kerkar, one of the most noted Khayal singers of the last century, had a strong will and determination. She had long stopped learning from her guru Alladiya Khan, the founder of the Jaipur gharana. But then, just before he passed away, he gave a few private concerts where she heard him sing ‘Samporana Malkauns’ – a rare raga that uses all the seven notes. She marched to his house determinedly the next day and asked him to teach her the raga. The two got together every morning and once again the jewels of music were passed on from guru to shishiya.  Alladiya Khan at that time was ninety and Kesarbai fifty years old.

Lastly, there is no saying about ‘The Rahman Effect’.  With his unparalleled capacity for work, AR Rahman creates exceptional ‘sound designs’ fostering team-play of talented musicians in India and abroad. His imagination has synthesized and tapped sound patterns unheard of before. Humility in the face of his prodigious talent combines to form a potent package. He says, “Every time I sit for a song, I feel I am finished. It's like a beggar sitting waiting for God to fill your bowl with the right thought. In every song, I ask help from Him. Everybody around is so good, so to create music that will connect with so many people is not humanly possible without inspiration.”

I would like to end with words from Vikram Seth’s book, ‘An Equal Music’- “Music, such music, is a sufficient gift. Why ask for happiness, why hope not to grieve? It is enough, it is to be blessed enough, to live from day to day and to hear such music- not too much, or the soul could not sustain it- from time to time.”







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